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Chunk #11 — Materials and Methods — Heterogeneity and reporting biases

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Smoking and Suicide: A Meta-Analysis.
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Heterogeneity was examined by chi-squared test [17] and its quantity was measured by the I2 statistic [18]. The possibility of publication bias was investigated by the Egger's [19] and Begg's [20] tests and Trim and Fill method [21].