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Chunk #9 — Materials and methods — Clinical and genetic characteristics of the autistic subjects

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The neuropathology of autism: defects of neurogenesis and neuronal migration, and dysplastic changes.
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behaviorSevere MR23 yearsFocal dysplasia within islands in the entorhinal cortex. Pineal gland cystsB-6212Obsessive compulsive disorder. Depression, aggression, and anxietySevere MR–Several areas of focal cortical dysplasia within frontal cortex and insula with local loss of vertical and horizontal organization. Merger of ventral portion of the claustrum with insula. Flocculonodular dysplasiaB-6276Aggression and self-injurious behavior, anxiety and agitationModerate MR–Focal dysplasia within CA1 sector with focal neuronal deficit. Heterotopia within stratum oriens. Flocculonodular dysplasia affecting approximately 70% of the lobeB-7090Disturbed movement coordination (walking like drunk)MR3 yearsThree focal dysplasias in the frontal cortex. Dysplasia of layers 1–3 in the entorhinal cortex with missing numerous islands of the stellate neurons. Severe hypoplasia of cerebellar lobes 1–4. Reduced convolutions within dentate nucleusDevelopmental abnormalities in brains of autistic subjects