The interpretation of genetic information is a new challenge for most physicians. Since the clinical utility of pharmacogenetic markers typically is probabilistic, increasing the odds of one outcome versus another, it is not always clear how best to use this information in clinical decision making [Khoury et al 2010]. As genetic information becomes more comprehensive, the competing odds become more difficult to judge. This will require a kind of actuarial decision making that is unfamiliar to many clinicians. Medical school curricula are becoming more genetically informed, but reaching residents and practicing physicians in ways that can alter their clinical practice is challenging [Winner et al 2010].
