we report the results of this GWA study here. Of note, many investigators have access to and have utilized the DNA samples from individuals with BD that were collected as part of the Bipolar Consortium; thus, it is the case that a portion of the samples on which we report here are not entirely independent of previously published BD GWA studies (15, 16) and an ongoing BD GWA study (Scott, Muglia, Upmanyu, Guan, Flickinger, Kong, Tozzi, Li, Burmeister, Absher et al., submitted).