Summarizing, during the fed-to-fasted transition, PPARα induces and orchestrates a switch from glucose to fatty acid utilization for energy production in hepatocytes. Simultaneous with the activation of FAO by PPARα, glycolysis is inhibited. PPARα activation reduces PK expression and induces PDK4 (Figure 2). So far, however, no direct interaction of PPARα with the promoters of these genes was demonstrated.
