JASPAR offered the first open-access TF-binding profiles database with a web interface enabling direct download of the PFMs collected. The ease of data access and download manifests another core principle of JASPAR: the active effort to promote open science. As open science initiatives emerged in this field over the years, we witnessed a growing tendency to integrate those various resources into an ecosystem where tools and repositories build upon one another. These efforts eventually produced a synergistic ecosystem aligned with FAIR principles (15). The mutual integration of these various resources benefited from their early interoperability with an active effort to share standards for data formats and the possibility to leverage their respective source data. This latter point relies on the open accessibility of the data, which JASPAR adopted as a design choice from its beginning, with all profiles made available as simple flat text files. An additional dimension to this ecosystem is the engagement with our user community in our effort to strengthen the growth and quality of JASPAR’s content. For instance, we manifested our engagement using Google Groups for
