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Chunk #23 — Methods — CSD methods — CSD-PCA

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Novelty P3 reductions in depression: characterization using principal components analysis (PCA) of current source density (CSD) waveforms.
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Figure 3 shows the obtained CSD-PCA factor structure for the novelty oddball task, and Table 2 indicates its comparability with that observed in other oddball tasks using two-stimulus binaural (Kayser & Tenke, 2006b, 2006c) and dichotic (Tenke et al., 2008) stimuli. Factors representing N1, temporal N1, N2, P3, and a late positivity (F – CP+) were readily identifiable from loadings waveforms and corresponding factor score topographies. Specifically, an N1 (120) sink/source topography was observed that was similar in all stimuli, and consistent with activation of primary auditory cortex within the Sylvian fissure (tangential N1; sink maxima near sites C3/C4; Figure 3b). A subsequent sink (temporal N1; 179; Figure 3b, column 2) was consistent with generators on the lateral surface of the temporal lobes (i.e., radial N1). Likewise, the target-related N2/P3 ERP sequence was evidenced by a frontocentral sink (241; Figure 3b, column 3), followed by a parietal P3b source (343; Figure 3b, column 4), with an asymmetric, right-sided extension into temporal lobe regions. Finally, the distinctive, target-specific, late positivity corresponding to the characteristic midfrontal sink/centroparietal source factor, F – CP