Twenty-seven potassium channels had altered expression. Three of four inwardly-rectifying channels had increased expression. Eleven of 15 voltage-gated channels had decreased expression, which may indicate altered thresholds for neuronal excitability, although the most highly expressed channel, Kcnd2, was increased. Although 3 of 5 voltage gated calcium channel genes had decreased expression, two channels that were more highly expressed had increased expression, so the total effect may have been a net increase in voltage gated calcium channel activity. This possible increase is mirrored in the upstream analysis (Supplemental Table 3), which suggests that calcium signaling could be more active in the alcohol group.