The effects on persons receiving test results also evoke widespread concern. Sixty-two percent of unaffected persons in a genetic research study expressed concern that a positive test result could make people feel stressed, depressed, or vulnerable (Wilhelm et al., 2009). 61% of affective disorder patients and unaffected family members thought it could increase suicide rates (Meiser et al., 2005; 2008). Among bipolar patients and their spouses, a substantial minority were concerned that a positive test would upset persons tested because of worries about their children or their spouses (Trippitelli et al., 1998). A smaller number were also concerned that a positive test would cause negative self-perceptions, making it harder to reach goals. An additional concern, mentioned in the qualitative literature, is the development of “fatalistic thinking” (i.e., being worried all the time, because of a belief that one will certainly develop the psychiatric disorder) (Wilde et al., 2010). Importantly, in DeLisi and Bertisch’s 2004 survey, 27% of psychiatrists and 33% of psychiatric genetic researchers thought that testing as part of genetic research on schizophrenia would have no adverse consequences (DeLisi
