Blood samples were taken for: DNA extraction from white blood cells; red and white blood cells and plasma, and for peripheral blood leucocyte immortalisation; full blood count, red cell folate and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c); basic blood biochemistry, creatinine, lipid profile, thyroxine (T3, T4), thyroid stimulating hormone, albumin; a coagulation screen; and C-reactive protein.