The current study showed significant main effects of sex on PTSD and substance dependence diagnoses that are consistent with the existing literature [5, 24]. However, no significant interaction was seen between sex and the PGC-PTSD PRS on PTSD or substance dependence diagnoses, suggesting that sex does not play a moderating role in the relationship between polygenic risk of PTSD and PTSD or substance dependence. Given that men and women are known to be exposed to different types of trauma [24] and the current study was limited to investigating any trauma exposure, future studies should investigate whether trauma type may interact with polygenic risk of PTSD in men and women to observe any potential differences.
