motor neurons (Bradley, Beaman, Moore, & Heaton, 1997; Heaton & Bradley, 1995), poor peripheral nerve myelination (Zoeller, Butnariu, Fletcher, & Riley, 1994), and slowed nerve conductivity (de los Angeles Avaria et al., 2004) that are associated with prenatal alcohol exposure. Furthermore, skeletal malformations of the hands and feet (e.g., tetraectrodactyly and camptodactyly) (Church, Eldis, Blakley, & Bawle, 1997; Herrmann, Pallister, & Optiz, 1980) and delayed skeletal maturity (Naidoo, Norval, Swanevelder, & Lombard, 2006) are evident in these individuals and may contribute to poor performance on motor tasks.
