risk, with a greater than fourfold increase in risk among heavy smokers (≥25 CPD). Likewise, Tanskanen et al. (2000) noted a dose-response relationship between the number of CPD and suicide risk among 36,527 men and women with mean follow-up of 14.4-year. Compared with non-smokers, adjusted RR of suicide death was about two times higher for light/moderate smokers (1–20 CPD) and over three times higher for heavy smokers (≥21 CPD) after adjustment for several confounders, especially alcohol consumption, symptoms of depressed mood, stress and anxiety, and psychotropic medication (Tanskanen et al. 2000)
