two baseline sessions before receiving the next treatment. Some animals, however, had only one baseline session before treatment if the baseline session did not change in BP from the previous baseline session. To determine whether the effect of OxoSQ was specific to the LDTg, the same animals were also injected with OxoSQ (10 nmol per side) 2.0 mm above the LDTg by lowering the microinjectors 1.5 mm, rather than 3.5 mm, beyond the tip of the guide cannulae. This placed the infusions in the area of the central nucleus of the inferior colliculus and in some, partly in the lateral periaqueductal gray (CIC; Fig 1), a site where OxoSQ was not expected to have an effect on food or cocaine self-administration.