Similarly, the list of genes differentially expressed only after a chronic binge alcohol cycle was used for identification of a gene group representing the later stages of binge alcohol-related bone loss. This cluster is comprised of only genes differentially expressed in bone after chronic binge alcohol treatment (concomitant with observed bone damage) that were not also differentially expressed after acute binge exposure. This signature includes 450 annotated genes (Table S4, Supplemental data). A subset of this cluster comprised of 114 genes exhibiting 2-fold or greater differential expression is depicted as a heat map of control versus chronic binge alcohol samples in Fig. 6.