Nonetheless, even if these candidate endophenotypes are not simpler clues to the genetic underpinnings than AUD itself [19], they could still be very useful in terms of delineating underlying mechanisms [118]. And, as illustrated in the neurophysiology, level of response, delayed reward discounting, and sweet liking literatures, endophenotypes can also help to begin to bridge human and non-human animal alcohol research and (in the case of sweet liking) identify possible drug targets, both of which are distinct advantages of the endophenotype concept that Gould and Gottesman [94] emphasized.
