Using informed consent, data were obtained by following up 345 13-to-23-year-old offspring who had experience with alcohol from the Collaborative Study on the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) [18]. The COGA inveastigation began about 20 years ago with alcohol-dependent inpatients in substance disorder treatment programs who also had close relatives with alcohol dependence [18, 35, 36]. The current analyses focus on offspring from these families to evaluate sex differences in the LR-based model among adolescents and young adults at a time when alcohol use patterns are developing. All subjects were interviewed over ~one hour using the reliable (kappas ~0.85), and valid (kappas >0.72 compared to other structured interviews) Semi-Structured Assessment for the Genetics of Alcoholism (SSAGA) [35,36]. Outcomes were determined 2.2 (SD=0.64) years later through administration of an interval-focused SSAGA for ~80% of the subjects from Time 1.
