All of the above-referenced studies measured familial influence on remission as family history of AUD, not family history of remission. The unstated assumption underlying use of this measure, rather than a measure more closely matching the phenotype under study, is that familial alcoholism will similarly affect both the development and the remission of AUD. It is possible, however, that familial influences on remission may differ from those on AUD after accounting for family history of AUD.