While there are some promising initial findings for bipolar disorder, there is a paucity of well-controlled studies investigating the efficacy of exercise as an intervention strategy, as well as studies investigating the pathways by which exercise may exert its effects on mood [22, 26–28]. Preliminary studies indicate its acceptability, feasibility, and efficacy for depression, bipolar disorder, and anxiety [19–22, 26–28]. In summary, exercise is an established adjunct treatment of depression with promise as an effective treatment for bipolar disorder adjunctive to mood stabilizing medication because of its broad-reaching effects on mental and physical health outcomes.
