Indeed, some recent efforts have shifted focus away from time-domain P3 amplitude and toward TF measures of ERP activity. Recent studies, for example, have revealed an association between P3-related delta and theta and alcoholism. Power in these frequency ranges was lower in adult alcoholics (Jones et al., 2006) and in high-risk adolescent and adult offspring of alcoholics (Kamarajan et al., 2006; Rangaswamy et al., 2007). Delta and theta bands were also shown to provide unique information to discriminate between alcoholic and control groups (Jones et al., 2006). Further, significant associations between event-related activity in these bands and genes implicated in alcohol dependence and related disorders have been found. P3-related delta and theta activity has been linked to CHRM2, a cholinergic muscarinic receptor gene on chromosome 7 (Jones et al., 2004; Porjesz & Rangaswamy, 2007). CHRM2 has been associated with higher cognitive processing and IQ (Comings et al., 2003; Dick et al., 2007; Gosso et al., 2007), and has been implicated in alcohol and drug dependence (Luo et al., 2005; Wang et al., 2004), and, most recently, in externalizing disorders (Dick
