If replicated in a larger sample, these results would suggest several methodological recommendations for future smoking studies. For example, studies interested in detecting smoking group differences in abstinence-related constructs may consider abstinence requirements of 3–4 hours. It is worth noting however, that more highly powered studies may be more sensitive to detecting smoking group differences (e.g. differences in withdrawal/NA may be detectable sooner than 3 hours of abstinence).
