the BLA, the CS− is also associated with strong mPFC-BLA gamma synchrony. This long-range gamma synchrony is predominantly directional from the mPFC to the BLA, either because the mPFC theta drives mPFC gamma with a shorter delay than BLA gamma, or because of directional projections from gamma generating circuits in the mPFC to the BLA. This model is consistent with the broadly accepted role of the mPFC in suppressing amygdala-generated fear behaviors, and has several mechanistic and conceptual implications that deserve further discussion.