Combined drug or alcohol treatment utilization at follow-up was the main focus of this analysis. As there was no time factor with this measure, a random intercept HLM model that nested participants within cohorts was conducted. There was a significant effect for condition, F(1, 10.998) = 5.41, p = .04, with those in the ACT group utilizing 82% more drug and alcohol treatment (M = 19.11, SE = 2.48) than those in the control group (M = 10.48, SE = 2.53). Similar patterns were shown for drug and alcohol treatment when viewed separately, with ACT participants utilizing 63% more alcohol treatment services (p = .06) and 124% more drug treatment services (p = .04). There were no significant differences between conditions in the utilization of other services (psychological, medical, legal, employment, or family).
