In summary, our findings support an association between heavy alcohol consumption and pancreatic cancer among men that may be mediated by dose, duration, and pattern of alcohol consumption, including binge drinking. If the observed relationship with heavy alcohol consumption and binge drinking is confirmed by other large studies that have collected detailed alcohol exposure data, targeted interventions to reduce heavy drinking and binge drinking (which is prevalent and increasing in frequency [51, 72]) may be of even greater importance than previously recognized. The difficulty of early diagnosis, and the rapid progression from diagnosis to death calls for concerted cancer prevention efforts to identify and intervene on all potentially modifiable risk factors for pancreatic cancer, including alcohol consumption.
