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Chunk #1 — Introduction

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Subthalamic nucleus phase-amplitude coupling correlates with motor impairment in Parkinson's disease.
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The beta band is not the only frequency band associated with Parkinson’s disease. Modulations induced by dopaminergic medication have also been observed for the theta–alpha range (4–12 Hz) (Alonso-Frech et al., 2006, Stoffers et al., 2008, Oswal et al., 2013a) and at gamma band frequencies (∼60–90 Hz) (Williams et al., 2002, Cassidy et al., 2002, Alegre et al., 2005, Kühn et al., 2006, Androulidakis et al., 2007, Lalo et al., 2008, Litvak et al., 2012). Moreover, there are indications for altered cross-frequency amplitude correlations between the theta and beta/gamma band during movement (Herz et al., 2014a, Herz et al., 2014b) and between the beta and gamma band in spontaneous activity (Fogelson et al., 2005). This implies that an integral perspective on activities throughout the entire frequency spectrum may be necessary to fully understand parkinsonian pathophysiology.