In 2016, high FPG was the third-leading risk factor for deaths and the fourth-leading risk factor for DALYs globally among Level 3 risk factors, accounting for more than 5·6 million deaths (4·5 million to 7·0 million) and 144·1 million DALYs (119·9 million to 171·6 million). Since 1990, the age-standardised percent of deaths and DALYs attributable to high FPG has increased globally from 7·8% (6·0–10·1) to 10·5% (8·3–13·1) and 4·4% (3·7–5·3) to 6·2% (5·3–7·3), respectively. Diabetes was the largest source of DALYs attributable to increased FPG, followed by ischaemic heart disease and chronic kidney disease. We re-evaluated epidemiological evidence supporting the causal relationship between high FPG and disease endpoints and found sufficient evidence to include ten new outcomes for high FPG. These new outcomes included glaucoma, cataracts, dementia, liver cancer, lung cancer, ovarian cancer, breast cancer, bladder cancer, colorectal cancer, and pancreatic cancer. The new outcomes together contributed to 174 352 (37 297–388 039) additional deaths and 2·6 million (0·6 million to 5·7 million) additional DALYs beyond the causes that were included in GBD 2015.
