Moderate and heavy smoking groups were not found to differ from each other in terms of demographic factors including age, sex and education (Table 1). As intended by the participant selection procedures, moderate and heavy smokers significantly differed in terms of average cigarettes per day (p < 0.001), severity of nicotine dependence on the FTND (p = 0.001), and time to first cigarette in the morning (FTND item 1: p = 0.01).
