craving following treatment. This attenuation was related to subsequent decreases in alcohol and other drug use, suggesting MBRP led to decreased craving in response to negative affect, thereby lessening the need to alleviate affective discomfort with alcohol and other drug use. Furthermore, individuals with moderate depression in the MBRP group had a significantly lower probability of substance use, fewer drinks per drinking day, and fewer drinks per day than individuals with moderate depression in TAU. A larger, randomized trial comparing MBRP to TAU and RP is currently underway at the University of Washington to evaluate whether the addition of mindfulness to the standard RP treatment leads to better substance use outcomes following treatment. As is the case in other clinical domains [114], interest in MBRP for substance use disorders is increasing rapidly. Results of additional randomized controlled trials will be important for informing its broader application for various addictive behaviors.
