remainder of the pregnancy). Pair-fed control groups are often included when using this method, where an isovolumetric, isocaloric replacement (such as maltose dextrin) for the ethanol calories is used and food is restricted to that of the ethanol consumption groups (86) (see Finding the Right Control Group). The liquid diet model reliably produces BACs between 80 and 180 mg/dl in rats, i.e., a low to moderate level of exposure (15, 17, 55, 87–90), which are accompanied by neurological deficits similar to what are observed in children with FASD (see Blood Alcohol Concentration).
