arising from this conditional analysis (Supplementary Fig. 4 and Supplementary Table 2) suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is underlying BMD variation. We also assessed all possible pairwise interactions of the 82 SNPs, but none were significant after adjusting for the number of tests (Supplementary Fig. 5 and Supplementary Table 3). A total of 96 independent SNPs (82 autosomal SNPs with P<5×10−6 + 9 SNPs from conditional analysis and 5 X-chromosome SNPS) from 87 genomic loci were selected for further replication (Fig. 1).