study. We identified 1300 annotated differentially expressed genes in bone after an acute binge alcohol cycle and 1523 annotated genes after a chronic binge alcohol treatment cycle. The complete acute and chronic binge alcohol differentially expressed gene lists are shown in Tables S1 and S2 (Supplemental data) respectively. Each gene list was imported into the PANTHER classification system providing an overview of the biological effects of acute and chronic binge alcohol exposure on bone. PANTHER assigns genes to 1 of 139 regulatory and metabolic pathways. Treatment effects can result in under or over representation of genes in 1 or more PANTHER pathways, which may be classified as significant as compared to a reference gene list. Acute binge alcohol treatment significantly affected genes associated with 4 pathways including integrin, chemokine/cytokine, Ras, and PDGF signaling (Fig. 3). Depicted is a bar graph of each pathway identified with the amount of overrepresentation caused by alcohol, shown as a ratio of differentially expressed genes observed which sort into the pathway over the number of genes expected based on a reference list. Shown in Table 1 are genes differentially expressed either after acute or chronic binge alcohol, identified by PANTHER analysis as affiliated with the
