Parental problem drinking and the family functioning variables were assessed at Time 1 and adolescent externalizing behaviors were assessed at Time 2. First, bivariate correlations were conducted to assess the relationships among the study variables. Next, structural equation modeling was used to conduct path analysis models to examine the relationships among parental problem drinking, family functioning, and adolescent externalizing behavior. Maternal and paternal problem drinking were specified as exogenous variables and the family functioning and adolescent externalizing variables were specified as endogenous variables. All analyses were conducted in SPSS (version 22) and AMOS (version 19) and full information maximum likelihood (FIML) was used to handle missing data. Both the direct paths between parental problem drinking and adolescent externalizing behaviors and indirect paths through family functioning were explored. To determine if these relationships varied by gender, a multiple group analysis was conducted. Fit indices were examined to ensure the model was a good fit to the data.
