1 and 2). We found no signs of contributions from confounding factors like population stratification and cryptic relatedness to the inflation in the distribution of the test statistics (lambda=1.033; see quantile-quantile plot, Figure 1.B.) using LD score regression, since the intercept was practically one (intercept=0.996; SE=0.0079) (Methods). There was no evidence of association of previously identified genome-wide significant cannabisuse risk variants with CUD in our analyses17,18 (Supplementary Table 5). This might be due to different phenotype definitions among the studies as Sherva et al.17 analysed association with cannabis use criterion counts, and Agrawal et al.18 used cannabis exposed (but not dependent) individuals as controls in their study. Additionally, the composition of the cohorts analysed also differ as the previous GWASs were based on cohorts established to study substance use disorders while the iPSYCH cohort was ascertained for major mental disorders.
