antibodies: apoE (178479, Calbiochem), actin (A5060, Sigma), Tuj1 (MAB1637, EMD Millipore; MRB-435P, Covance), GFAP (Z0334, Dako), PHF1 (gift from Peter Davies), AT8 (MN1020, Thermo Fisher Scientific), AT180 (MN1040, Thermo Fisher Scientific), AT270 (MN1050, Thermo Fisher Scientific), Tau-5 (577801, EMD Millipore), soluble APP-β (SIG-39138, Covance), 22C11 (MAB348, EMD Millipore), GAD65/67 (AB1511, EMD Millipore), and GAD67 (MAB5406, EMD Millipore). The secondary antibodies were IgG labeled with IRDye 800 or IRDye 680 (LI-COR). The blotted membranes were scanned with an Odyssey CLx Imaging System (LI-COR). Signals were analyzed with Image Studio Lite 4.0 (LI-COR). Unprocessed original scans of blots are shown in Supplementary Figure 15.