Hazardous substance use was assessed with the following two questions: (1) “Have you ever been under the effects of (substance) when it increased your chances of getting hurt, for instance, when driving a car or boat, using knives, machinery or guns, crossing against traffic, climbing or swimming? “ (2) “Have you accidentally injured yourself when you were using (substance); that is, had a bad fall, cut or burned yourself badly, got hurt in a traffic accident, or anything like that?”