For ARIC HyperGEN, GenNet and WHI, BMI was calculated from height and weight measured at time of study enrollment. In MEC, self-reported height and weight were used to calculate baseline BMI. A validation study within MEC has shown high validity of self-reported height and weight. Specifically this study showed that BMI was under-estimated based on self-reported compared to measured weight, but the difference was small (<1 BMI unit) and comparable to the findings from national surveys [45].