Although EEG has excellent temporal resolution, it has relatively poor spatial resolution (Bell & Cuevas, 2012). Thus, the specific neuronal populations or subcortical structures that contribute towards electrical activity at any particular site cannot be reliably inferred (Bell & Cuevas, 2012). The ACC, the central hub of Posner’s executive attention network, is a subcortical structure with projections throughout the PFC in adults (Li et al., 2013). Our failure to assess the involvement of this structure in relation to the measures of neural organization observed in this study is one of its limitations. Researchers interested in replicating this work should consider including ERP indicators of ACC functioning (e.g., error-related negativity; Herrmann, Römmler, Ehlis, Heidrich, & Fallgatter, 2004) in addition to EEG coherence in order to address this limitation. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to effectively demonstrate a significant, longitudinal association between changes in functional brain organization in infancy and attentional control assessed more than one year later.
