All the statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and Prism 6 software. All raw data from Q-PCR experiments and SynD analysis were normally distributed. Statistical analysis for all the raw data was then performed using one-way ANOVA. In cases where significant differences were obtained in the ANOVA (p< 0.05) a post hoc test was performed. Post hoc tests used were Holm-Sidak's multiple comparisons test and Tukey's multiple comparisons test.