The main goal of the present study was to investigate the effects of periadolescent to young adult development on energy and phase locking of EROs within and between brain areas in order to identify electrophysiological indices of brain development that occur in both rats and humans. Although a number of studies have presented data suggesting that phase locking of EROs is correlated with various cognitive functions, fewer studies have applied this methodology in translational studies in rodents. In the present study developmental differences consisting of significantly higher ERO energy in all frequency ranges (delta, theta, alpha, and beta) in all three electrode sites (FZ, CZ, PZ) for both the frequently presented tone and the infrequently (target) tone were found in the periadolescent humans as compared to the adults. Similar developmental differences were found in periadolescent rats as compared to adult rats in all frequency ranges and both electrode sites (FCTX, PCTX) except for beta frequencies in the frontal cortex. It has long been known that EEG recordings from children are dominated by high amplitude slower rhythms that diminish in amplitude
