of wine per day, number of drinks of alcohol) as well as between variants in CHRNA3-CHRNA5 and smoking behaviors (e.g., cigarettes per day, age starte smoking cigarettes regularly; Polimanti, Kranzler & Gelernter, 2016). Further, the combination of PheWAS among affected individuals may also lead to an impoved understanding of SUD as well as other conditions. Recently, a PheWAS of older adult smokers reported a significant associaton between a variant in CYP2A6 and hearing loss; thus the smoking metabolism pathway may mediate age-related hearing loss (Polimanti, Jensen, & Gelernter, 2017).
