We identified 5,442 possible publications after removing duplicates, of which 4,516 were excluded after title/abstract screening. An additional 734 publications were excluded after full-text review (see e-Fig. 1 and supplementary material—e-Table 3—for full details). For characteristics of the 192 included studies (birth cohort studies = 15, cross-sectional studies = 150, incidence studies = 27), see e-Table 4. These studies were comprised of data from 708,561 individuals, all of whom were diagnosed with a mental disorder. Overall, 54 studies were set in U.S., 23 studies in multiple countries, 11 in Australia, ten in Finland, eight in Germany, six each in Canada and the Netherlands, five in China, Denmark, South Africa, Spain, United Kingdom, four in Israel, South Korea, Sweden, three in Ethiopia, Mexico, New Zealand, Nigeria, Switzerland, Taiwan, two in France, Iraq, Singapore, and one study each in additional countries.
