Our TWAS found that GRIA1 expression in DLPFC was decreased in the depression case group compared to control. This is consistent with findings in preclinical pharmacological studies of mood disorders showing promising results of AMPA receptor potentiators36, as well as the convergent rapid and sustained increase in GluA1 and other synaptic proteins associated with most fast-acting antidepressants35. Thus, our results provide human genetic evidence that emphasizes positive modulation of the AMPA receptor as a potential pharmacological approach.
