First, our results show that locus 1, representing the CHRNA5 amino acid change rs16969968 and correlates, demonstrates highly significant association with smoking behavior (OR = 1.33, p = 5.96×10−31). Our strong evidence for the involvement of locus 1 with smoking across these samples marks the robustness of its genetic effect. The contributing datasets for the smoking analyses range from samples ascertained for nicotine dependence, lung cancer, or COPD, to adolescent samples, to populations ascertained for a variety of diseases including schizophrenia, alcohol or other substance dependence, breast cancer, type 2 diabetes, and heart disease. This meta-analysis represents a very diverse group, and yet the association between rs16969968 and smoking behavior is consistent.
