Power analysis at α = 0.05. (a) mCLR method (solid line) versus combined association analysis (dashed line). Results are based on 5000 replications of 500 unrelated controls and 500 trios. (b) Power of mCLR method plotted against the theoretical ratio of controls to case (R). Results are based on 10 000 replications under the assumption that ψ = 1.3, 1.4, 1.5.