Whereas we found significant associations of victimization with depression and violence in young adulthood in the bivariate analysis, this association did not remain significant once race, cohort, and SES were controlled. Perhaps the low prevalence of serious violence during young adulthood (5%) resulted in a lack of statistical power in the model. Further, maltreated, compared to nonmaltreated, youth had a greater risk of premature death (note 4), mostly due to violent causes and these youth were eliminated from the analyses. Maltreated individuals are also at a greater risk of arrest [3, 10], which might limit their serious violent offending in adulthood. Thus, higher rates of premature death and arrest among victims, compared to non-victims, might have accounted for non-ignorable dropout and also could have affected the outcomes, especially violent offending in young adulthood. Overall, our results suggest that the consequence of childhood maltreatment might be more influential in adolescence than young adulthood.
