Disruptive, hyperactive, and impulsive behaviors are highly prevalent in individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD).1 In this paper we discuss the relationship between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and FASD. Firstly, we define ADHD and FASD and review the epidemiology of these conditions. Then we discuss the rationale for distinguishing between ADHD with and without FASD and review the evidence regarding the relationship between ADHD and FASD. Finally, we discuss the approach to diagnosis and management of ADHD in individuals with FASD.
