Converging evidence suggests that performance monitoring processes associated with activation of the medial frontal cortex are reflected in a common oscillatory substrate in the theta rhythm (4-8 Hz)(Cavanagh et al., 2010; Cavanagh, Zambrano-Vazquez, et al., 2012; Cohen et al., 2007). For instance, several groups have now documented greater theta power and phase coherence for loss feedback compared to gain feedback (Cavanagh, Zambrano-Vazquez, et al., 2012; Cohen, Elger, & Fell, 2009; Cohen et al., 2007; Marco-Pallares et al., 2008). Despite a growing body of work on the family of frontal oscillations, reward/feedback processing studies have only focused on adult samples.
