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Chunk #6 — Methods — Participants

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Childhood aggression and the co-occurrence of behavioural and emotional problems: results across ages 3-16 years from multiple raters in six cohorts in the EU-ACTION project.
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Six large population-based cohorts (NTR and GenR from the Netherlands, TEDS from the UK, CATSS and TCHAD from Sweden and FinnTwin12 from Finland) analysed the co-occurrence of aggression measures with other psychopathologies. For a link to cohort-specific websites, see Table 1 and for a detailed description of the cohorts, please also see Appendix I. The twin cohorts were requested to randomly select one of the twins per pair, with an equal representation of first- and second-born children, to obtain parameter estimates that were not biased due to effects of family clustering. In our previous work [25], we have shown that children with an illness or disability that interfered with daily function tend to display more than twice as much problem behaviour across the entire age range compared to other twins, so they were excluded. Age-, gender- and rater- specific sample sizes are presented in Tables 2, 3, 4 and 5. Data were available for 30,523 3- to 4-year-olds (49.5% boys), 20,958 5- to 6-year-olds (49.6% boys), 18,291 7- to 8-year-olds 49% boys), 27,218 9- to 10-year-olds (49.4% boys), 18,543 11-