Ethanol has several effects on glutamatergic transmission (Bell et al., 2016; Hwa et al., 2017; Roberto and Varodayan, 2017). Acute ethanol inhibits all glutamate receptors. These effects occur in the hippocampus (Lovinger et al., 1990) (Figure 2Q), frontal cortex (Weitlauf and Woodward, 2008), and CeA (Kirson et al., 2017; Roberto et al., 2004b, 2006; Zhu et al., 2007) (Figure 2R), among other brain regions. The acute effects of ethanol on glutamate release vary, with some reports showing presynaptic potentiation (Herman et al., 2016b; Silberman et al., 2015; Xiao et al., 2009) and others showing inhibitory effects (Basavarajappa et al., 2008; Hendricson et al., 2004; Herman et al., 2016b; Maldve et al., 2004; Zhu et al., 2007).
