fires, and hurting animals) do not load on either genetic factor and 2 others (telling lies and stealing) that load secondarily on the rule-breaking genetic factor. We interpreted this factor as reflecting covert delinquency. Fourth, the single nonshared environmental common factor exhibits a less distinctive patterning of loadings for most CD criteria, with the exception of high loadings (> + 0.50) for using weapons, destroying property, and hurting people. Fifth, prominent criterion-specific genetic factors were evident for 5 of the CD criteria: hooky, setting fires, hurting animals, stealing, and running away. Finally, prominent nonshared criterion-specific environmental influences (which also include errors of measurement) were evident for all CD criteria.
